Module 2 - Reflective Log
REFLECTIVE LOG
Think back over today and yesterday. Describe a problem you
faced or a decision which you considered. Who was involved,
and what was the issue? Describe how you thought about that
problem or decision—not so much what you decided or what
solution you picked, but the process you used. Were you openminded
about various options, systematic in your approach,
courageous enough to ask yourself tough questions, bold enough
to follow the reasons and evidence wherever they led, inquisitive
and eager to learn more before making a judgment, nuanced
enough to see shades of gray rather than only stark black and
white? Did you check your interpretations and analyses? Did you
draw your inferences carefully? Were you as objective and fairminded
as you might have been? Explain your decision in your
log with enough detail that would permit you to go back a week
or two from now and evaluate your decision for the quality of the
critical thinking it demonstrates.
Module 2 - Group Discussion
GROUP DISCUSSION #1: THINK NOT!
Critical thinking takes effort! Why work so hard? Imagine what it
would be like to live in a community where critical thinking was illegal.
What might the risks and benefits of such a life be? How
would the people living in that community redress grievances, solve
problems, plan for the future, evaluate options, and pursue their
individual and joint purposes? Now imagine what it would be like
to live in a community where critical thinking was unnecessary. Can
there be such a place, except perhaps as human specimens in some
other species’ zoo?
GROUP DISCUSSION #2: WHAT WERE WE THINKING? If we learn best from our mistakes, then what can the international community learn about how best to assist a nation in recovering from catastrophic events given the experiences like Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, and the 2011 tsunami that hit Japan? Provide reasons and evidence in support of your response to the question.
GROUP DISCUSSION #2: WHAT WERE WE THINKING? If we learn best from our mistakes, then what can the international community learn about how best to assist a nation in recovering from catastrophic events given the experiences like Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, and the 2011 tsunami that hit Japan? Provide reasons and evidence in support of your response to the question.
Module 1 - Review
Fill in The blanks. Match Terms to
Definitions:
Ethical Theory
Moral relativism
Ethics
Ethical Subjectivism
Moral Skepticism
Ethical Relativism
Moral Realism
Ethical Egoism
Metaethics
_______________ - A theory that proposes principles for distinguishing right from wrong actions.
_______________ - The view that there are no objective facts about what is right and wrong.
_______________ - The field of philosphy that studies ethical theories and the commitments they rest upon.
_______________ - The view that moral judgments simply reflect the speaker’s feelings or attitudes.
_______________ - Refers to a cluster of views that raise doubts about morality.
_______________ -The view that moral judgments exist only relative to a particular society or culture.
_______________ - The view that morality is objective.
_______________ - The view that an action is right if it best suits one’s own best interest.
_______________ - Studies the commitments ethical theories rely upon.
Show Answers
Ethical Theory
Moral relativism
Ethics
Ethical Subjectivism
Moral Skepticism
Ethical Relativism
Moral Realism
Ethical Egoism
Metaethics
_______________ - A theory that proposes principles for distinguishing right from wrong actions.
_______________ - The view that there are no objective facts about what is right and wrong.
_______________ - The field of philosphy that studies ethical theories and the commitments they rest upon.
_______________ - The view that moral judgments simply reflect the speaker’s feelings or attitudes.
_______________ - Refers to a cluster of views that raise doubts about morality.
_______________ -The view that moral judgments exist only relative to a particular society or culture.
_______________ - The view that morality is objective.
_______________ - The view that an action is right if it best suits one’s own best interest.
_______________ - Studies the commitments ethical theories rely upon.
Show Answers
Module 1 - Metaethical Theories
Metaethical Theories
Metaethics - Studies the commitments ethical theories rely upon.
Take a moment now to research the following metaethical theories in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:
Moral Realism
Moral Anti-Realism
Moral Relativism
Which of these do you agree with least? Why?
Metaethics - Studies the commitments ethical theories rely upon.
Take a moment now to research the following metaethical theories in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:
Moral Realism
Moral Anti-Realism
Moral Relativism
Module 1 Reflective Log
Which of the metaethical theories that you researched do
you agree with most? Why? Which of these do you agree with least? Why?
Module 1 - Ethical Theories
Ethical Theory - A theory that proposes principles for distinguishing right from wrong actions.
Take a moment to research the following in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Aristotle’s Ethics
Mill’s Utilitarianism
Ethical Egoism
Hume’s Moral Philosophy
Imagine that you control the executive board in charge of making final decisions for Southeast Hospital. This evening, the following case has been presented for your consideration:
Due to a tragic car accident, the hospital has received a healthy heart from an organ donor with blood type B positive. There are three patients at the hospital who are a match for the donated heart. You must choose who will receive the heart.
The patient who has been waiting the longest for a heart is a 35-year-old mother of three. Although she needs the transplant in order to survive, her doctor estimates that she can live another month without it. Her husband’s insurance will cover the full cost of the transplant. Due to hospital negotiations with his insurance company, the hospital will charge and receive $75,000 if she receives the heart.
The next patient on the list is a 65-year-old male who is independently wealthy and so has no insurance. He was never married and has no living relatives. He is the sole owner and CEO of a company that produces HIV vaccinations to protect children in the womb from contracting this disease from their infected mothers. His business sells the vaccinations at just over cost to the federal government. The government then supplies the vaccinations to a non-profit organization for free distribution in Africa. In addition, this man donates 20% of his personal wealth per year to an AIDS prevention organization. He has agreed to pay the cost of the transplant for patients without insurance, which is $280,000. In addition, he has pledged to donate $1,000,000 to the hospital if he receives the heart. His doctor says his condition is unpredictable. Without the transplant he could die tomorrow, or he could live several more months.
The final patient to consider is a 10-year-old boy who just arrived at the hospital 5 days ago. He seemed to be in good health, but he collapsed suddenly last week. His doctor determined that he has a rare heart condition and will die by morning if he does not receive the heart. His parents both work full-time jobs, but their insurance does not cover the transplant. As such, they will be required to pay the cost of the transplant for patients without insurance, $280,000. They have sold their house, their vehicles, and their possessions as quickly as possible, but they have only managed to raise $120,000. You have received a letter from the family’s church asking you to have mercy on the child and make an exception in this one case.
Who do you choose to receive the heart? Why?
What ethical theory do you believe you are relying upon in making this decision?
Why do you believe your action illustrates this ethical theory?
Take a moment to research the following in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Aristotle’s Ethics
Mill’s Utilitarianism
Ethical Egoism
Hume’s Moral Philosophy
Imagine that you control the executive board in charge of making final decisions for Southeast Hospital. This evening, the following case has been presented for your consideration:
Due to a tragic car accident, the hospital has received a healthy heart from an organ donor with blood type B positive. There are three patients at the hospital who are a match for the donated heart. You must choose who will receive the heart.
The patient who has been waiting the longest for a heart is a 35-year-old mother of three. Although she needs the transplant in order to survive, her doctor estimates that she can live another month without it. Her husband’s insurance will cover the full cost of the transplant. Due to hospital negotiations with his insurance company, the hospital will charge and receive $75,000 if she receives the heart.
The next patient on the list is a 65-year-old male who is independently wealthy and so has no insurance. He was never married and has no living relatives. He is the sole owner and CEO of a company that produces HIV vaccinations to protect children in the womb from contracting this disease from their infected mothers. His business sells the vaccinations at just over cost to the federal government. The government then supplies the vaccinations to a non-profit organization for free distribution in Africa. In addition, this man donates 20% of his personal wealth per year to an AIDS prevention organization. He has agreed to pay the cost of the transplant for patients without insurance, which is $280,000. In addition, he has pledged to donate $1,000,000 to the hospital if he receives the heart. His doctor says his condition is unpredictable. Without the transplant he could die tomorrow, or he could live several more months.
The final patient to consider is a 10-year-old boy who just arrived at the hospital 5 days ago. He seemed to be in good health, but he collapsed suddenly last week. His doctor determined that he has a rare heart condition and will die by morning if he does not receive the heart. His parents both work full-time jobs, but their insurance does not cover the transplant. As such, they will be required to pay the cost of the transplant for patients without insurance, $280,000. They have sold their house, their vehicles, and their possessions as quickly as possible, but they have only managed to raise $120,000. You have received a letter from the family’s church asking you to have mercy on the child and make an exception in this one case.
Who do you choose to receive the heart? Why?
What ethical theory do you believe you are relying upon in making this decision?
Why do you believe your action illustrates this ethical theory?
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